I will start
off with a little information about how your electronic components work.
How
is a speaker made?
-
Frame
-
Magnet
-
Plug
-
Voice Coil
-
Spider (Lower suspension)
-
Surround (Upper suspension)
-
Cone and dust cover
We will use
a woofer as an example:
The magnet
surrounds the plug which is then inserted into the frame and tack welded
into place. There is about an 1/8 of an inch air gap between the plug and
the magnet to allow for the coil to move up and down.
The spider is
glued to the cone then the voice coil to the spider. Looking at the
cone from the top at this point you can see through its smaller hole, from
1/2 inch to 4 inches depending on the power handling specifications of
the speaker. The bigger the voice coil the more heat it can dissipate.
The spider keeps the bottom of the cone alignment centered on the air gap
so as not to touch the magnet or plug and also allows a restricted up and
down movement. In other words, the coil surrounds the plug which is surrounded
by the magnet and separated by an air gap.
Next the
surround is glued or sewn around the top of the cone. It is usually made
of foam rubber, rubber or accordion paper. This keeps the top of the cone
aligned. The
weight of the paper and the spring of the suspension make up the 'natural
resonance' of the speaker. In other words if you tapped the cone it would
vibrate at the same speed no matter how hard it is tapped. That 'natural
resonance' is changed once a signal is applied and the cone starts to move,
i'll explain this more later.
Next glue
is applied to the frame and the cone is dropped into the frame. Now you
can see the plug flush with the bottom of the cone. Now we glue the dust
cover on, the part that always seems to get punch in.
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